Português | Xichangana | Emakhuwa | Shimakonde | Ciyaawo |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dialecto | vulavulelo | nlavulelo | shitangalelo | |
Ensino bilingue | tijondzo hi tindzimi timbirhi (tirimi ta xinto) | osoma wa mattaava mayili | kupundisha na vitangodi vivili | wusoomesyo wa yiveeceto yividi |
Língua | lirimi | nttaava | lulimi / shitangodi | civeeceto |
Língua de sinais | ximbheveve | nttaava na mooniheryo | shitangodi na makono | civeeceto ca yilosyo |
Língua estrangeira | lirimi la matiku ya vambi | nttaava na okhopela | shitangodi sha vilambo vya panda | civeeceto ca yilaambo ya kusa |
Língua materna | lirimi la mapsaliwa | nttaava nooyareliwa | shitangodi sha uvalakwelo | civeeceto ca ndaanda |
Linguagem | mavulavuleo | nlavulo | shitangodi | wuveeceti |
Mapa linguístico | mapa wa tindzimi | maapha a nttaava | imapa ya dinangodi | mapu ga yiveeceto |
Variante linguística | Vulavulelo | mavirikanelo nttaava | lijavaniko lya shitangodi | civeeceto ca padeela |
Português | Xichangana | Emakhuwa | Shimakonde | Ciyaawo |
---|---|---|---|---|
Consoante | xitatisi | nlepo noohiwanyeya | inembo ya bubu | alupo |
Escrita | matsalela | olepa | maandiko | kaleembe |
Hífen | xiboho / nhlanga hlanganisu | nlutta-nlove | mungamalove | ciluumbicila / ciluundela |
Letra | letela | nlepo | inembo | dileembo |
Palavra | ritu | malove | lilove | dilove |
Som | mpfumawulo | nsu | ishauti | diisono |
Vogal | xitwali | nlepo noovuwa | inembo ya madi | adipu / caamiila |
Vogal breve | xitwali kugoma | nlepo noovuwa / noowaakuveya | inembo ya madi ingwipi | adipu ja n’cijiipi |
Vogal longa | xitlali kuleha | nlepo noovuwa / noopisa | inembo ya madi ya ulewu | adipu ja n’cileewu |
Português | Xichangana | Emakhuwa | Shimakonde | Ciyaawo |
---|---|---|---|---|
Afixo | xilungi / xinameki | nlutte | nundanio-lilove | tuluunde twa malove |
Classe nominal | ntlawa wa maritu | muxovo wa nsina | shipinga sha malove | kalase ja meena/n’tuundu wa meena |
Classe semântica | rixaka ra nhlamuselo wa maritu | malove oowiiraana vamosa | shipinga sha maana a malove | n’tuundu wa malove |
Composição | kuwumba / vumbeko | muluttanelo malove | kunganianga | wuwuunje wa malove |
Derivação | vunembeleti / davuko / vangelo / ntumbuluko wa maritu | mupakelo malove | kwandadya lilove na imbandi | maceenga malove ni maluumbo |
Empréstimo | ritu / vitu lombeko | mooliho | lijadikilo | cijasimicilo |
Morfologia | ntivumavumbiwela ya maritu | makhalelo a malove | maumbilo la malove | molopoolociiya |
Nome | vitu | nsina/ncina | lina | diina |
Número | nhlayo / nomboro | nummeru | inamba | naambala |
Plural | vunyingi | mwaattelo | shilyoe | yejiiji |
Prefixo | Xirhangi | nlutte na ottuli | lutavi lutandi lwa lilove | kaluunde ka munyuuma |
Singular | xivun´we | eveekhaya | shigweka | cimo n’saape |
Substantivo | Vitu | nsina/ncina | lina | yilosya meena |
Sufixo | Xilandzi | nlutte na ohoolo | lutavi lwa kumwisho lilove | kaluunde ka m’bujo |
Português | Xichangana | Emakhuwa | Shimakonde | Ciyaawo |
---|---|---|---|---|
Adjectivo | rihlavuli | namalikanxa | njalula-mena | diceengameena |
Advérbio | riyengeteli | masuweliha / ativeeripiyu | njalula-shitendo | diceluumbo |
Argumento verbal | xikombariyendli | munnuwelo wa nlavulo | njalakelashitendo | cilosya citeendo |
Aspecto | matshamela | nihimya-nlavulo | matandakelo a shirtendo | wutuundu |
Concordância | vuyelanisi | mwiiraanelo | kwitikila / kwamini | wiiticisye |
Grupo nominal | ntlawa wa riviti | mpantta wa nsina | shipinga sha lina | dikuuga dya diina |
Grupo verbal | ntlawa wa riyendli | mpantta wa nlavulo | shipinga sha shitendo | dikuuga dya citeendo |
Extensão verbal | vunavi ra riyendli | muncereryo wa nlavulo | shivilikiti sha kwandadya shutendo | coojecesyo citeendo |
Frase | xiga | noolumo / nuulumo | ntenga | n’seela wa diveeceti |
Marca de objecto | xikombisu xa muyendleliwa | mooniheryo wa mwiireliwa | shinaka sha shitambulika na shitendo | cilosya citeendego |
Negação | nyalo | mukhoottelo | shiitilo | cikaanilo |
Objecto | nchumu | etthu / mwiireliwa | shinu | ciindu |
Raiz verbal | rimitsu ra riyendli | mooniheryo wa nlavulo | lushija lwa shitendo | n’ciga wa citeendo |
Sujeito | ritirhi | namwiira / namapaka | likameko | n’teenda |
Tempo verbal | nkama wa riyendli | okathi wa nlavulo | wakati wa vitendo | ndema ja citeendo |
Tom | mpimu wa mpfumawulu / ntikisu | mphimo wa malove | mpimo wa ishauti | kasone |
Verbo | riyendli | nlavulo | shitendo | citeendo |
Verbo reduplicado | riyendliphindhiwa | nlavulo nootthikeliwa | shitendo sha shilundo shivili | citeendo ce wiidisye |
Português | Xichangana | Emakhuwa | Shimakonde | Ciyaawo |
---|---|---|---|---|
Compreender | kutwisisa | wiiwa | kugundula | kukaludila |
Compreensão | ntwisiso | mwiiwelo | magundulilo | wukaludile |
Conto | sungu / xihitana | ehantisi / ethale | lutano / nkong’o | ndano |
Interpretar | kuhlamusela (tsalwa) kukombisa (teyatru) | otaphulela | kwaulangila | kugopolanya |
Leitor | mulerhi / muhlayi | namasoma / mweerenka | mushomi / nkushomya | n’sooma |
Ler | kulerha / kuhlaya | osoma / weerenka | kushomya | kusooma |
Narrador | muvulavuleri | maalakela | nkuvalanga | n’tanga |
Personagem | vakumeki | mutthu-pi-itthu | muntenga | n’teenda wupaande mu suula |
Significado | nhlamuselo | musuweliho | maana | maluumbo |
Sílaba | peletwana | mpantta wa nlove | shipande sha lilove | kapaande ka dilove |
Texto | tsalwa | mutthaka | ntenga | suula |
Título | nhlokomhaka | muru wa mutthaka | muti wa ntenga | n’twe |
Português | Xichangana | Emakhuwa | Shimakonde | Ciyaawo |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aspas | svinghenelo / tinhlayelo | ikhomo soothanlela | uvijo | |
Aviso | xitivisu | mutthaka | ntenga wa kumanyiya | cimanyiisyo |
Composição | kuwumba tsalwa | otakanxa malove | kunganianga | matala ga kuwuungila malove |
Conclusão | makumu / mapfalela / mahelela | mmaliheryo | shakumalilila | mbeesi |
Dois pontos | hikombirhi | ikhomo piili | madeni mavili | yimicilo yividi |
Introdução | masungulo | epaceryo / mupacerelo | shitunduvangilo | ndaandilo |
Letra maiúscula | letela la rikulu | nlepo nuulupale | lutembo lukumene | dileembo dyeekuluungwa |
Letra minúscula | letela la ritsongo | nlepo nankhaani | lutembo ludikidiki | dileembo dya mwaana |
Poema | xithokozelo | epoowema | shilanga | kaswiida / suula wulaanda |
Poesia | vuthokozelo | epowesiya | shilanga | kaswiida / suula wulaanda |
Ponto | xihiko | ekhomo | lideni | ciimiko |
Ponto e vírgula | hikohefemulo / hikwana | ekhomo ni yoomumula | lideni na kupumula | ciimiko ca kapuumudisi / ciimiko ni ndoonya |
Ponto de exclamação | nhlangahlamalo | ekhomo ya nthamalo | lideni lya kushanga | ciimiko ca cisimoocesyo |
Ponto de interrogação | nhlangavutisu | ekhomo ya nikoheryo | lideni lya kudya | ciimiko ca ciwuusyo |
Ponto final | hiko | ekhomo yootthukwa | lideni lya kumalilila | cimicilo / ciimiko ca mbeesi |
Redacção | nvumbotsalwa | olepa woowuupuwelela | ntenga wa kwandika | kusooma kwa nganicisyo |
Sinais de pontuação | nhlangaxikombisu | mooniheryo a ikhomo | shimanyikilo sha madeni | yiloosya yiimicilo |
Travessão | xitlhengulo | mukweretho | lukweo | luleembo lwa civeeceto |
Vírgula | hifemulo | ekhomo yoomumula | lideni lya kupumula | ndoonya |